Local traditions and legends attribute the first settlement on these islands to the period of Cheraman Perumal, the last Chera king of Kerala. There are references to the control of the islands by the Cheras in the Sangam Patiṟṟuppattu. One of the earliest references to the region is by an anonymous author in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The main occupation of the people is fishing and coconut cultivation, with tuna being the main item of export. The islands are served by an airport on Agatti Island. The culture is almost similar to that of Mappilas in the nearest mainland state of Kerala. The Ponnani script of Malayalam was used to write Jeseri until the British Raj. Jeseri dialect is spoken in the inhabited islands of archipelago, namely Amindivi and Laccadive Islands, with an exception of the southernmost island of Minicoy, where the Mahl dialect is used. Most of the population speaks Malayalam with Dhivehi being the most spoken language in Minicoy island. The islanders are ethnically similar to the Malayali people of the nearest Indian state of Kerala. The majority of the indigenous population is Muslim and most of them belong to the Shafi school of the Sunni sect. At the 2011 Indian census, the population of the Union Territory was 64,473. On his death in 1799, most of the region passed on to the British and with their departure, the Union Territory was formed in 1956. The region was then ruled by the Muslim house of Arakkal, who were vassals to the Kolathiri Rajas of Kannur, followed by Tipu Sultan. The Catholic Portuguese arrived around 1498 but were expelled by 1545. During the medieval period, the region was ruled by the Chera dynasty, the Chola dynasty, and finally the Kingdom of Kannur. Islam was established in the region when Muslims arrived around the seventh century. The islands were also mentioned in the Buddhist Jataka stories of the sixth century BCE. The islands have long been known to sailors, as indicated by an anonymous reference from the first century CE to the region in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. Archaeological evidence supports the existence of human settlement in the region around 1500 BCE. Īs the islands have no aboriginal inhabitants, scholars have suggested different histories for the settlement of these islands. The Lakshadweep originally consisted of 36 islands however, due to the Parali 1 island being submerged in water due to sea erosion, 35 islands remain. The islands are the northernmost of the Lakshadweep– Maldives– Chagos group of islands, which are the tops of a vast undersea mountain range, the Chagos-Lakshadweep Ridge.
Kavaratti serves as the capital of the Union Territory and the region comes under the jurisdiction of Kerala High Court. The region forms a single Indian district with 10 subdivisions. The islands form the smallest union territory of India and their total surface area is just 32 km 2 (12 sq mi). Malayalam is official as well as the widely spoken native language in the territory. The name Lakshadweep means "one lakh islands" in Sanskrit, though the Laccadive Islands are just one part of the archipelago of no more than a hundred islands. It is an archipelago of 36 islands in the Arabian sea, located 200 to 440 km (120 to 270 mi) off the Malabar Coast. Lakshadweep ( / l ə k ˈ ʃ ɑː d w iː p/), also known as Laccadives ( / ˈ l æ k ə d iː v z/), is a union territory of India.
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